Abstract
I analyzed the comets detected by the
Two Micron All Sky Survey
(2MASS), the
Known Comet Detection List of the Second Incremental Data Release
and
Known Comet Detection List of the All-Sky Data Release.
I investigated the brightness of those comets based on visual and CCD
observations at the time of 2MASS detections, and found many false
detections.
I also found some pre-discovery detections.
Comets Detections
Second Incremental Data Release:
Comet | JD | Date | J mag | H mag | Ks mag | visual /CCD | Note |
43P/Wolf-Harrington | 2450903.65950 | 1998 Mar. 31 | 16.150 | 15.778 | 15.091 | 14.9 |
|
52P/Harrington-Abell | 2451094.96205 | 1998 Oct. 8 | 14.666 | 14.096 | 14.046 | 12.7 |
|
93P/Lovas 1 | 2451119.89405 | 1998 Nov. 2 | 15.681 | 15.228 | 15.093 | 13.4 |
|
C/1998 K1 (Mueller) | 2450907.81594 | 1998 Apr. 4 | 15.570 | 15.424 | 15.023 | 14.5 | *1 |
C/1998 K1 (Mueller) | 2450943.72288 | 1998 May 10 | 15.942 | 15.422 | 15.287 | 14.6 | *1 |
C/1998 M2 (LINEAR) | 2450937.90420 | 1998 May 4 | 15.743 | 15.246 | 14.224 | 14.4 |
|
C/1998 Q1 (LINEAR) | 2450982.84542 | 1998 June 18 | 16.755 | 16.713 | 15.653 | 15.4 |
|
All-Sky Data Release:
Comet | JD | Date | J mag | H mag | Ks mag | visual /CCD | Note |
43P/Wolf-Harrington | 2450903.65950 | 1998 Mar. 31 | 15.941 | 15.622 | 15.750 | 14.9 |
|
52P/Harrington-Abell | 2451094.96205 | 1998 Oct. 8 | 14.552 | 14.025 | 14.014 | 12.7 |
|
74P/Smirnova-Chernykh | 2451633.63240 | 2000 Mar. 30 | 16.238 | 15.737 | 15.796 | 16.0 |
|
88P/Howell | 2451034.46728 | 1998 Aug. 9 | 14.926 | 14.513 | 14.152 | 11.5 |
|
93P/Lovas 1 | 2451119.89405 | 1998 Nov. 2 | 14.772 | 14.410 | 14.331 | 13.4 |
|
110P/Hartley 3 | 2451857.85593 | 2000 Nov. 9 | 15.704 | 15.348 | 15.287 | 15.5 |
|
117P/Helin-Roman-Alu 1 | 2451102.71459 | 1998 Oct. 16 | 16.660 | 16.102 | 14.775 | 16.4 | *3 |
C/1996 J1-B (Evans-Drinkwater) | 2450797.66148 | 1997 Dec. 15 | 16.660 | 15.473 | 14.853 | 15.9 |
|
C/1997 J2 (Meunier-Dupouy) | 2451108.57331 | 1998 Oct. 22 | 14.616 | 14.381 | 14.217 | 12.1 |
|
C/1997 T1 (Utsunomiya) | 2450947.76885 | 1998 May 14 | 15.298 | 15.152 | 14.604 | 14.0 |
|
C/1998 K1 (Mueller) | 2450907.80752 | 1998 Apr. 4 | 15.563 | 15.262 | 15.123 | 14.5 | *1 |
C/1998 K1 (Mueller) | 2450907.81594 | 1998 Apr. 4 | 15.571 | 15.364 | 15.040 | 14.5 | *1 |
C/1998 K1 (Mueller) | 2450943.72288 | 1998 May 10 | 15.853 | 15.383 | 15.213 | 14.6 | *1 |
C/1998 M2 (LINEAR) | 2450937.90420 | 1998 May 4 | 15.729 | 15.222 | 14.280 | 14.4 |
|
C/1998 M5 (LINEAR) | 2451258.77781 | 1999 Mar. 21 | 13.036 | 12.545 | 12.466 | 9.7 |
|
C/1998 T1 (LINEAR) | 2451087.88922 | 1998 Oct. 1 | 16.333 | 16.098 | 15.336 | 16.2 | *1 |
C/1998 T1 (LINEAR) | 2451615.65697 | 2000 Mar. 12 | 16.293 | 15.928 | 15.129 | 16.1 |
|
P/1998 W1 (Spahr) | 2451130.69924 | 1998 Nov. 13 | 16.122 | 15.560 | 15.030 | 15.8 | *1 |
C/1999 E1 (Li) | 2451153.71974 | 1998 Dec. 6 | 15.933 | 15.594 | 15.258 | 15.0 | *1 |
C/1999 E1 (Li) | 2451190.65905 | 1999 Jan. 12 | 15.624 | 15.193 | 14.977 | 14.9 | *1 |
C/1999 F2 (Dalcanton) | 2450948.63568 | 1998 May 15 | 15.552 | 15.377 | 14.267 | 15.1 | *1 |
C/1999 F2 (Dalcanton) | 2451248.89607 | 1999 Mar. 11 | 16.258 | 15.984 | 15.315 | 15.5 | *1 |
C/1999 K5 (LINEAR) | 2451313.91704 | 1999 May 15 | 15.887 | 15.529 | 15.228 | 16.0 | *1 |
C/1999 K8 (LINEAR) | 2451487.61851 | 1999 Nov. 5 | 16.335 | 15.965 | 15.009 | 13.5 |
|
P/2000 C1 (Hergenrother) | 2451617.70074 | 2000 Mar. 14 | 16.549 | 16.272 | 15.085 | 16.4 |
|
C/2000 SV74 (LINEAR) | 2451817.73849 | 2000 Sept. 30 | 16.758 | 16.604 | 15.391 | 16.4 |
|
False Detections
The following records in the Known Comet Detection List should be
false. Those comets were fainter than 20 mag at the time of 2MASS
detections, except for 64P/Swift-Gehrels (see note).
Second Incremental Data Release:
Comet | JD | Date | J mag | H mag | Ks mag | Note |
19P/Borrelly | 2450950.84443 | 1998 May 17 | 16.466 | 15.510 | 15.229 |
|
42P/Neujmin 3 | 2450781.95935 | 1997 Nov. 29 | 11.871 | 11.644 | 11.561 | *5 |
57P/du Toit-Neujmin-Delporte | 2450775.94375 | 1997 Nov. 23 | 11.957 | 11.514 | 11.347 | *6 |
90P/Gehrels 1 | 2451008.65378 | 1998 July 14 | 15.846 | 15.147 | 15.471 | *7 |
91P/Russell 3 | 2451091.55584 | 1998 Oct. 5 | 16.207 | 15.305 | 15.028 | *2 |
147P/Kushida-Muramatsu | 2450962.93302 | 1998 May 29 | 13.967 | 13.715 | 13.527 | *8 |
C/1974 F1 (Lovas) | 2451152.61037 | 1998 Dec. 5 | 14.693 | 14.268 | 13.944 | *9 |
C/1984 O2 (SOLWIND 5) | 2451152.73005 | 1998 Dec. 5 | 16.688 | 16.235 | 16.555 |
|
C/1988 B1 (Shoemaker) | 2451146.85400 | 1998 Nov. 29 | 15.795 | 15.247 | 15.167 | *10 |
C/1988 L1 (Shoemaker-Holt-Rodriquez) | 2450876.65743 | 1998 Mar. 4 | 14.343 | 13.823 | 13.657 | *11 |
C/1988 Q1 (SMM 4) | 2451152.75424 | 1998 Dec. 5 | 15.476 | 15.281 | 15.099 | *12 |
C/1988 W1 (SMM 6) | 2451152.75420 | 1998 Dec. 5 | 14.943 | 14.501 | 14.499 | *13 |
C/1998 G2 (SOHO) | 2451205.54110 | 1999 Jan. 27 | 16.572 | 16.517 | 14.971 | *14 |
All-Sky Data Release:
Comet | JD | Date | J mag | H mag | Ks mag | Note |
17P/Holmes | 2451347.75295 | 1999 June 18 | 14.251 | 14.267 | 13.265 | *15 |
19P/Borrelly | 2450950.84443 | 1998 May 17 | 16.432 | 15.497 | 15.148 |
|
23P/Brorsen-Metcalf | 2451333.60774 | 1999 June 4 | 11.132 | 10.116 | 9.733 | *16 |
27P/Crommelin | 2451297.83481 | 1999 Apr. 29 | 13.645 | 12.767 | 12.475 | *17 |
32P/Comas Sola | 2451759.49799 | 2000 Aug. 3 | 15.121 | 14.702 | 14.663 | *18 |
39P/Oterma | 2450992.63895 | 1998 June 28 | 16.305 | 15.410 | 15.535 |
|
39P/Oterma | 2451013.63567 | 1998 July 19 | 13.462 | 12.780 | 12.535 | *19 |
42P/Neujmin 3 | 2450781.95935 | 1997 Nov. 29 | 11.898 | 11.672 | 11.595 | *5 |
64P/Swift-Gehrels | 2451407.50223 | 1999 Aug. 17 | 15.163 | 14.168 | 13.859 | *4 |
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko | 2451296.81630 | 1999 Apr. 28 | 16.595 | 16.085 | 15.670 |
|
71P/Clark | 2450798.71012 | 1997 Dec. 16 | 16.512 | 15.459 | 15.233 |
|
112P/Urata-Niijima | 2451440.53172 | 1999 Sept. 19 | 15.162 | 14.887 | 14.707 | *20 |
C/1979 Q1 (Howard-Koomen-Michels) | 2451546.60413 | 2000 Jan. 3 | 14.807 | 14.381 | 14.338 | *21 |
C/1983 R1 (Shoemaker) | 2451272.74058 | 1999 Apr. 4 | 15.892 | 15.212 | 15.138 | *22 |
C/1988 B1 (Shoemaker) | 2451146.85400 | 1998 Nov. 29 | 15.789 | 15.253 | 15.163 | *10 |
C/1988 L1 (Shoemaker-Holt-Rodriquez) | 2450876.65743 | 1998 Mar. 4 | 14.370 | 13.853 | 13.685 | *11 |
C/1989 Y1 (Skorichenko-George) | 2451591.73469 | 2000 Feb. 17 | 16.352 | 14.958 | 14.785 |
|
C/1996 E1 (NEAT) | 2451822.60814 | 2000 Oct. 5 | 13.951 | 13.651 | 13.621 | *23 |
C/1998 K1 (Mueller) | 2451823.50361 | 2000 Oct. 6 | 15.032 | 14.661 | 14.583 | *24 |
P/2000 B3 (LINEAR) | 2451080.72573 | 1998 Sept. 24 | 16.829 | 16.124 | 15.852 |
|
Notes
- *1
- Pre-discovery observations.
- *2
- 91P/Russell 3 is expected to be 19.9 mag on 1998 Oct. 5. However,
the last observation before that day was 17.3 mag on 1998 Sept. 16
(M.P.E.C. 1998-T10), although it was expected to be 19.4 mag.
Therefore, the comet might be in ourburst and brighter than expected
at the time of 2MASS detection. However, there is a faint star at
this position on the DSS-1 Bj image and DSS-2 I and R images.
- *3
- 117P/Helin-Roman-Alu 1 is expected to be 17.3 mag in 1998 October by
the ephemeris. However, it was reported as bright as 16.3 - 16.5 mag
from September to November in 1998 by Yasukazu Ikari and Akimasa
Nakamura. No star is found on the DSS-2 I image at this position.
- *4
- 64P/Swift-Gehrels is expected to be 18.2 mag on 1999 Aug. 17 by the
ephemeris. However, nobody could observe it in 1999. Therefore, it
was probably much fainter than the ephemeris in 1999. The image
detected by the 2MASS is USNO-A2.0 0600.32175843, 17.1 mag(R), 17.7
mag(B).
- *5
- USNO-A2.0 1050.04987362, 13.0 mag(R), 13.6 mag(B).
- *6
- USNO-A2.0 1050.03479906, 14.0 mag(R), 14.9 mag(B).
- *7
- USNO-A2.0 0525.23469599, 17.1 mag(R), 18.4 mag(B).
- *8
- USNO-A2.0 0675.33961908, 15.2 mag(R), 15.9 mag(B).
- *9
- USNO-A2.0 1425.02883388, 15.5 mag(R), 17.1 mag(B).
- *10
- USNO-A2.0 0300.05314200, 16.8 mag(R), 18.3 mag(B).
- *11
- USNO-A2.0 1200.05774451, 15.7 mag(R), 16.8 mag(B).
- *12
- USNO-A2.0 0750.03028764, 16.6 mag(R), 17.1 mag(B).
- *13
- USNO-A2.0 0750.03035673, 16.3 mag(R), 17.2 mag(B).
- *14
- USNO-A2.0 0675.03541727, 18.4 mag(R), 18.8 mag(B).
- *15
- USNO-A2.0 0375.28960203, 16.0 mag(R), 17.5 mag(B).
- *16
- USNO-A2.0 0450.24319658, 15.1 mag(R), 18.0 mag(B).
- *17
- Very red star. Visible on the DSS-2 R images, but near limit on the DSS-1 Bj image.
- *18
- USNO-A2.0 0525.37135685, 15.3 mag(R), 16.6 mag(B).
- *19
- USNO-A2.0 0600.33119934, 16.7 mag(R), 18.9 mag(B).
- *20
- USNO-A2.0 0375.39512075, 16.1 mag(R), 17.0 mag(B).
- *21
- USNO-A2.0 0750.02726716, 15.9 mag(R), 16.8 mag(B).
- *22
- USNO-A2.0 0525.14977002, 17.4 mag(R), 19.5 mag(B).
- *23
- USNO-A2.0 0300.37189022, 15.1 mag(R), 14.8 mag(B).
- *24
- Faint star south west of USNO-A2.0 0300.32066169, 13.0 mag(R), 14.8 mag(B).
|